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The Pilates Method is a physical fitness system developed
in the early 20th Century by German-American Joseph Pilates.
Joseph Pilates called the method The Art of Contrology,
which refers to the way the method encourages the use of the
mind to control the muscles. Instead of performing many
repetitions of each exercise, Joseph H. Pilates preferred fewer,
more precise movements, requiring proper control and form. He
designed more than 500 specific exercises. The most frequent
form, called "matwork", involves a series of callisthenic
motions performed without weight or apparatus on a padded mat.
Pilates also designed five major pieces of unique exercise
equipment that can be optionally used. In all forms, the
"powerhouse" (abdomen, lower back, and buttocks) is supported
and strengthened, enabling the rest of the body to move freely.
In terms of physical exercise Pilates exercise resembles yoga
but without the spiritual element. It was originally used to
bring injured dancers back to full fitness, the idea being more
to build bodily co-ordination and flexibility than stamina or
muscle strength.
It has been used to train dancers in flexibility and physical
strength. In recent years it has become a popular fitness
modality. It has also been combined with yoga to form Yogilates.
The first official Pilates Studio was opened in New York in
1926.
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